Short-term effect of soil disturbance by mechanical weeding on plant available nutrients in an organic vs. conventional rotations experiment

Owen, J., S. LeBlanc and S.A.E. Fillmore.

Summary
The question whether soil disturbance from mechanical weeding in organic systems affects nutrient release from organic matter in compost-amended soil was examined in a long-term organic-versus-conventional rotational cropping system experiment over three years.

The experimental design included continuous snap beans, and a fully phased snap beans/fall rye crop rotation sequence. Treatments were combinations of yearly applied fertiliser (synthetic fertiliser, 1x compost, 3x compost) and weed control (herbicide, mechanical weeding). The 1x compost rate was calculated to deliver the equivalent of 50 kg N ha-1: equal to the rate of N in the synthetic fertiliser treatments. Ion exchange membranes were buried for 24 hours following mechanical weeding in bean plots. Adsorbed ions were then eluted and quantified.

Available ammonium-nitrogen was not affected by weeding treatment, but nitrate-nitrogen was consistently less in mechanically weeded plots than in plots treated with herbicide. Principal component analysis of NH4-N, NO3-N, P, K, Ca and Mg availabilities showed distinct groupings of treatments according to fertility treatment rather than weeding treatment.

The effect of cropping sequence on available nutrients was pronounced (p=0.001) only in plots amended with synthetic fertilisers.

Source
Aspects of Applied Biology 79, What will organic farming deliver? COR 2006, pp. 301-305, 2006

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Posted October 2007